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Understanding the Quantum World
Saison 1
201924 épisodes
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Épisodes
- S. 1 ÉP. 1 - Particle-Wave Duality28 mars 201925 minBegin your journey into the quantum world by focusing on one of its most baffling features: the behavior of quantum entities as both particles and waves. Following her approach of presenting analogies over equations, Professor Carlson gives a handy way of visualizing this paradox. She then takes you further into quantum weirdness by using a slinky to show how waves can be quantized. #HistoryDémarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 2 - Particles, Waves, and Interference Patterns28 mars 201926 minInvestigate one of the most famous demonstrations in physics: the double-slit experiment. See how electrons behave as both particles and waves when passing through two parallel slits in a plate and then striking a screen. Bizarrely, the wave properties disappear when the electrons are monitored as they pass through each slit, showing our inability to have complete information of a quantum state.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 3 - Observers Disturb What They Measure28 mars 201927 minConsider what life would be like if quantum effects held at our everyday scale. For instance, there would be no trouble sitting in three chairs at once! Learn what happens when a particle in such a mixed state is forced by measurement to assume a definite position: a situation known as wave function collapse. This leads to the important quantum principle that observers disturb what they measure.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 4 - Bell’s Theorem and Schrödinger’s Cat28 mars 201928 minPonder two celebrated and thought-provoking responses to the apparent incompatibility of quantum mechanics and classical physics. Bell’s theorem shows that attempts to reconcile the two systems are futile in a certain class of theories. Next, Schrodinger’s cat is a thought experiment implying that a cat could be both dead and alive if the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics holds.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 5 - Quantum Paradoxes and Interpretations28 mars 201932 minReview the major theories proposed by physicists trying to make sense of the paradoxes of the quantum world. Look at the Copenhagen interpretation, Einstein’s realist view, the many worlds interpretation, quantum Bayesianism, non-local hidden variables, and other creative attempts to explain what is going on in a realm that seems to be governed by probability alone.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 6 - The Position-Momentum Uncertainty Relation28 mars 201930 minHeisenberg's uncertainty principle sets a fundamental limit on how much we can know about an object's position and momentum at the same time. Professor Carlson introduces this simple equation, showing how it explains why atoms have structure and come in the diverse forms of the periodic table of elements. Surprisingly, the stability of our everyday world rests on uncertainty at the quantum level.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 7 - Wave Quantization28 mars 201932 minElectrons don't just orbit the nucleus, they simultaneously exist as standing waves. Go deeper into what standing wave modes look like in one, two, and three dimensions, discovering that these shapes explain the quantization of energy states in an atom. As usual, Professor Carlson introduces useful analogies, including the standing waves produced in a vibrating drum head.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 8 - Quantum Wave Shapes and the Periodic Table28 mars 201930 minFocus on standing waves of electrons around nuclei, seeing how the periodic table of elements results from what electrons do naturally: fall into the lowest energy state given the total electric charge, existing electron population, and other features of an atom. Learn the Pauli exclusion principle and a handy mnemonic for remembering the terminology for atomic orbitals, such as 1s, 2p, and 3d.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 9 - Interference of Waves and Sloshing States28 mars 201929 minWatch what happens when electrons are put into wave forms that differ from standing waves. Your goal is to understand why some of these superposition states are unstable. Professor Carlson notes that the sloshing of an electron back and forth in an unstable state causes it to act like an antenna, radiating away energy until it falls to a lower energy level.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 10 - Wave Shapes in Diamond and Graphene28 mars 201930 minWhat accounts for the dramatic difference between diamond and graphene (a sheet of graphite one atom thick), both of which are composed of pure carbon? Study the role of electrons in molecular bonds, applying your knowledge of electron standing waves. In carbon, such waves make possible several types of bonds, which in diamond and graphene result in remarkably different physical properties.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 11 - Harmonic Oscillators28 mars 201932 minA clock pendulum is an example of a classical harmonic oscillator. Extend this concept to the atomic realm to see how quantum waves behave like harmonic oscillators. Then learn how quantum physics was born at the turn of the 20th century in Max Planck’s solution to a paradox in the classical picture of oscillating atoms. His conclusion was that the energies of oscillation had to be quantized.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 12 - The Energy-Time Uncertainty Relation28 mars 201929 minReturn to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to see how quantum uncertainty also extends to energy and time. This has a startling implication for energy conservation, suggesting that short-lived “virtual” particles can pop into existence out of nothing (as long as they don’t stay around for long). Consider evidence for this phenomenon in the Lamb shift and Casimir effect.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 13 - Quantum Angular Momentum and Electron Spin28 mars 201931 minContinue your investigation of the counterintuitive quantum world by contrasting angular momentum for planets and other classical objects with analogous phenomena in quantum particles. Cover the celebrated Stern-Gerlach experiment, which in the 1920s showed that spin is quantized for atoms and can only take on a very limited number of discrete values.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 14 - Quantum Orbital Angular Momentum28 mars 201933 minHaving covered electron spin in the previous episode, now turn to orbital angular momentum. Again, a phenomenon familiar in classical physics relating to planets has an analogue in the quantum domain (although with profound differences). This leads to a discussion of permanent magnets, which Professor Carlson calls “a piece of quantum physics that you can hold in your hand.”Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 15 - Quantum Properties of Light28 mars 201936 minAmong Einstein’s insights was that light comes in discrete packets of energy called photons. Explore the photoelectric effect, which prompted Einstein’s discovery. See a do-it-yourself project that demonstrates the photoelectric effect. Close by surveying applications of the quantum theory of light to phenomena such as lasers, fluorescent dyes, photosynthesis, and vitamin D production in skin.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 16 - Atomic Transitions and Photons28 mars 201928 minDive deeper into the interactions of light with matter. Starting with a hydrogen atom, examine the changes in energy and angular momentum when an electron transitions from one orbital to another. See how the diverse possibilities create a “fingerprint” specific to every type of atom, and how this is the basis for spectroscopy, which can determine the composition of stars.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 17 - Atomic Clocks and GPS28 mars 201929 minPeer into the structure of a cesium atom to see what makes it ideal for measuring the length of a second and serving as the basis for atomic clocks. Then head into space to learn how GPS satellites use atomic clocks to triangulate positions on the ground. Finally, delve into Einstein’s special and general theories of relativity to understand the corrections that GPS must make to stay accurate.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 18 - Quantum Mechanics and Color Vision28 mars 201929 minProbe the quantum events that underlie color vision, discovering the role of the retinal molecule in detecting different frequencies of photons as they strike cone cells in the eye’s retina. Also investigate the source of color blindness, most common in men, as well as its inverse, tetrachromacy, which is the ability to see an extra channel of color information, possessed by some women.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 19 - A Quantum Explanation of Color28 mars 201930 minTurn to the sources of color in the world around us, from the yellow glow of sodium street lights to the brilliant red of a ruby pendant. Grasp the secret of the aurora, the difference between fluorescence and phosphorescence, and the reason neon dyes look brighter than their surroundings. It turns out that our entire experience of color is governed by the quantum world.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 20 - Quantum Tunneling28 mars 201932 minAnyone who makes use of a memory stick, a solid-state hard drive, or a smartphone relies on one of the most baffling aspects of the quantum world: quantum tunneling. Professor Carlson uses a roller coaster analogy, combined with your newly acquired insight into wave mechanics, to make this feat of quantum sorcery (the equivalent of walking through walls) perfectly logical.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 21 - Fermions and Bosons28 mars 201929 minInvestigate why two pieces of matter cannot occupy the same space at the same time, reaching the conclusion that this is only true for fermions, which are particles with half-integer spin. The other class of particles, bosons, with integer spin, can be in the same place at the same time. Learn how this feature of bosons has been exploited in lasers and in superfluids such as liquid helium.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 22 - Spin Singlets and the EPR Paradox28 mars 201929 minStudy the most celebrated challenge to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics: the paradox proposed by Albert Einstein and his collaborators Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen (and later updated by David Bohm). Is quantum mechanics an incomplete theory due to hidden variables that guide the outcome of quantum interactions? Examine this idea and the experiments designed to test it.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 23 - Quantum Mechanics and Metals28 mars 201931 minAnalyze how metals conduct electricity, discovering that, in a sense, electrons “surf” from one metal atom to the next on a quantum mechanical wave. Probe the causes of electrical resistance and why metals can never be perfect conductors. Finally, use the Pauli exclusion principle to understand the optimum distribution of electrons in the different quantum states of metal atoms.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
- S. 1 ÉP. 24 - Superconductivity28 mars 201935 minClose with one of Professor Carlson’s favorite topics: superconductivity. While electrons lose energy to resistance when they flow through a metal, this is not true of superconductors. Learn how quantum stability allows superconductors to conduct electricity with zero resistance, then step back and summarize the high points of your quantum tour.Démarrer un essai gratuit de The Great Courses Signature Collection ou acheter
Extras
Bonus
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Explore the principles and paradoxes of quantum mechanics with exceptional rigor and clarity-and using minimal mathematics-in 24 episodes. With the guidance of Professor Erica W. Carlson, you’ll get a fundamental understanding of major breakthroughs in the field (and who made them), experiments that demonstrate quantum phenomena, and quantum theory’s many applications and insights.
Explore the principles and paradoxes of quantum mechanics with exceptional rigor and clarity-and using minimal mathematics-in 24 episodes. With the guidance of Professor Erica W. Carlson, you’ll get a fundamental understanding of major breakthroughs in the field (and who made them), experiments that demonstrate quantum phenomena, and quantum theory’s many applications and insights.
Explore the principles and paradoxes of quantum mechanics with exceptional rigor and clarity-and using minimal mathematics-in 24 episodes. With the guidance of Professor Erica W. Carlson, you’ll get a fundamental understanding of major breakthroughs in the field (and who made them), experiments that demonstrate quantum phenomena, and quantum theory’s many applications and insights.
Détails
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- Audio
- English English Dialogue Boost: Medium English Dialogue Boost: High
- Sous-titres
- English [CC]
- Production
- The Great Courses
- Rôles principaux
- Erica W. Carlson
- Studio
- The Great Courses
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